JavaScript Tutorial
indexjavascript history javascript versions language specificationsarrays built in objects call apply bind classes constructors closures environment setup error handling debugging functions interview questions objects programming constructs prototypes reactangularjsset map strings numbers testing frameworks variables data typesJavascript versions
JavaScript was first released in 1995 and confirms to ECMAScript (ES) specification. Here is the timeline of JavaScript.- 1995 - First released
- 2009 - ES5 released
- 2015 - ES6 released
- 2016 - ES7 released
- 2017 - ES8 released
- 2018 - ES9 released
- 2019 - ES10 released
ES5 features - 2009
Here is the list of features added in ES5.- use strict directive - declare variables explicitly
- String.trim() method added - used to remove white spaces from both ends of String
- Lot of methods added to Array - isArray, foreach, map, filter, reduce, every sum, indexof, lastindexof
- JSON object new methods - parse, stringify
- Date.now() method added
- Object related chnages - getters and setters, adding new property to objects
- Access String property using []
- support for multiline string literals
ES6 features - 2015
Here is the list of features added in ES6.- let
- const
- Arrow function - similar to lambda in Java
- Class syntax
- Default parameters
- New Array methods - find() and findIndex()
- New Number methods - isFinite() and isNaN()
- map, set, weakmap, weakset
ES7 features - 2016
Here is the list of features added in ES7.- Array.prototype.includes
- Exponentiation - **
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