most Common plant diseases found in backyard garden

White mildew

• Crops Affected:dill, Grapes, Cucurbits
• Symptoms: White powdery growth on leaves.
• Cause: Fungus
• Prevention & Solutions: Good air circulation is important to prevent mildew. Prunning of old leaves is also necessary. Do not water on plant leaves and do not let soil get on leaves when watering. Use drip irrigation. You can also use mulching. Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilization, practice proper irrigation, and use sulfur-based fungicides to control the disease. Use neem oil spray.Use milk and water (40:60) spray. Or you can also use mouthwash like listerine ultraclean and water (25:75). You can also use vinegar. 2-3 tablespoon of vinegar with 1 litre water. You can also use baking soda with dish soap liquid and water.

Stunted growth/malformed fruits

• Crops Affected: Luffa/Ridged gourd (luffa - family of Cucurbitaceae)
• Symptoms: Fruits will not grow properly. Fruits wither and become malformed
• Cause: This is caused by Phytophthora capsica (Phytophthora Fruit Rot) and Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum (Sclerotinia fruit rot) fungus.
• Prevention & Solutions: But I found some solutions at https://www.bighaat.com/blogs/kb/manage-fruit-rot-disease-in-gourd-crops If you know any other solution, please comment below.

Root rot

• Crops Affected: Avocado
• Symptoms: Avocado leaves will turn brown and black. Stems will become black.
• Cause: This is also caused by fungus.
• Prevention & Solutions: Well drained soil is very important. With clay soil, water does not drain and then it leads to root rot. Anti rot fungicide (e.g. https://www.bunnings.com.au/yates-500ml-anti-rot-fungicide_p2961096?store=8181&gclid=Cj0KCQjwoeemBhCfARIsADR2QCt35Th_ATeoUDPoC45GNE7oo2ILxswg6z8MFTKClBUnNVuipsxapAwaAlNmEALw_wcB&gclsrc=aw.ds) can be sprayed on the plant to stop root rot.

Blossom end rot/young fruit rot

• Crops Affected: tomatoes, bottle gourd (squash - family of Cucurbitaceae)
• Symptoms: Young Fruit will turn black and rot from blossom side.
• Prevention & Solutions: This happens due to low calcium in soil and may also be caused by improper watering. So add some calcium and water properly.

Matured fruit rot

• Crops Affected: Gauva, Pomegranate
• Symptoms: Matured Fruit will rot.
• Prevention & Solutions: This happens due to fruit fly. You can use fly traps to control the damage.